feat: 优化 AppError 结构，确保链式调用方法线程安全并返回新实例；更新开发规则，增强对分页和错误处理的要求

templates/project/app/errorx/app_error.go.tpl

@@ -1,65 +1,93 @@
 package errorx
 
 import (
-    "fmt"
-    "runtime"
+	"fmt"
+	"runtime"
 )
 
 // AppError 应用错误结构
 type AppError struct {
-    Code       ErrorCode `json:"code"`
-    Message    string    `json:"message"`
-    StatusCode int       `json:"-"`
-    Data       any       `json:"data,omitempty"`
-    ID         string    `json:"id,omitempty"`
+	Code       ErrorCode `json:"code"`
+	Message    string    `json:"message"`
+	StatusCode int       `json:"-"`
+	Data       any       `json:"data,omitempty"`
+	ID         string    `json:"id,omitempty"`
 
-    // 调试信息
-    originalErr error
-    file        string
-    params      []any
-    sql         string
+	// 调试信息
+	originalErr error
+	file        string
+	params      []any
+	sql         string
 }
 
 // Error 实现 error 接口
 func (e *AppError) Error() string {
-    return fmt.Sprintf("[%d] %s", e.Code, e.Message)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("[%d] %s", e.Code, e.Message)
 }
 
 // Unwrap 允许通过 errors.Unwrap 遍历到原始错误
 func (e *AppError) Unwrap() error { return e.originalErr }
 
+// copy 返回 AppError 的副本，用于链式调用时的并发安全
+func (e *AppError) copy() *AppError {
+	newErr := *e
+	return &newErr
+}
+
+// WithCause 携带原始错误并记录调用栈
+func (e *AppError) WithCause(err error) *AppError {
+	newErr := e.copy()
+	newErr.originalErr = err
+
+	// 记录调用者位置
+	if _, file, line, ok := runtime.Caller(1); ok {
+		newErr.file = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line)
+	}
+	return newErr
+}
+
 // WithData 添加数据
 func (e *AppError) WithData(data any) *AppError {
-    e.Data = data
-    return e
+	newErr := e.copy()
+	newErr.Data = data
+	return newErr
 }
 
 // WithMsg 设置消息
 func (e *AppError) WithMsg(msg string) *AppError {
-    e.Message = msg
-    return e
+	newErr := e.copy()
+	newErr.Message = msg
+	return newErr
+}
+
+func (e *AppError) WithMsgf(format string, args ...any) *AppError {
+	newErr := e.copy()
+	newErr.Message = fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)
+	return newErr
 }
 
 // WithSQL 记录SQL信息
 func (e *AppError) WithSQL(sql string) *AppError {
-    e.sql = sql
-    return e
+	newErr := e.copy()
+	newErr.sql = sql
+	return newErr
 }
 
 // WithParams 记录参数信息，并自动获取调用位置
 func (e *AppError) WithParams(params ...any) *AppError {
-    e.params = params
-    if _, file, line, ok := runtime.Caller(1); ok {
-        e.file = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line)
-    }
-    return e
+	newErr := e.copy()
+	newErr.params = params
+	if _, file, line, ok := runtime.Caller(1); ok {
+		newErr.file = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", file, line)
+	}
+	return newErr
 }
 
 // NewError 创建应用错误
 func NewError(code ErrorCode, statusCode int, message string) *AppError {
-    return &AppError{
-        Code:       code,
-        Message:    message,
-        StatusCode: statusCode,
-    }
+	return &AppError{
+		Code:       code,
+		Message:    message,
+		StatusCode: statusCode,
+	}
 }