diff --git a/internal/dispatcher/execute.go b/internal/dispatcher/execute.go
index f1f8f0a..b51bb0a 100644
--- a/internal/dispatcher/execute.go
+++ b/internal/dispatcher/execute.go
@@ -5,11 +5,14 @@ import (
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"log"
 	"time"
 
 	"git.ipao.vip/rogee/go-sip/internal/configread"
 	"git.ipao.vip/rogee/go-sip/internal/contract"
 	"git.ipao.vip/rogee/go-sip/internal/store"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 )
 
 // CallSpec is a frozen instruction handed to one Agent. Its Snapshot
@@ -205,8 +208,17 @@ func (c *ExecuteController) dispatchPending(ctx context.Context, cmd store.Execu
 		Deadline:          choice.Deadline, Snapshot: snapshot,
 	}
 	if err := c.Originator.Originate(ctx, spec); err != nil {
-		unknownErr := c.Store.MarkExecuteUnknown(cmd.DispatcherID, cmd.EventID)
-		return errors.Join(fmt.Errorf("originator outcome unknown for call %q: %w", cmd.EventID, err), unknownErr)
+		switch status.Code(err) {
+		case codes.FailedPrecondition, codes.InvalidArgument, codes.PermissionDenied:
+			rejectErr := c.Store.RejectUnissuedExecute(cmd.DispatcherID, cmd.EventID, "Agent refused before outbound call")
+			if rejectErr == nil {
+				log.Printf("Dispatcher call refused before dial: event_id=%q agent_code=%s", cmd.EventID, status.Code(err))
+			}
+			return errors.Join(fmt.Errorf("Agent rejected call %q before dialing: %w", cmd.EventID, err), rejectErr)
+		default:
+			unknownErr := c.Store.MarkExecuteUnknown(cmd.DispatcherID, cmd.EventID)
+			return errors.Join(fmt.Errorf("originator outcome unknown for call %q: %w", cmd.EventID, err), unknownErr)
+		}
 	}
 	if err := c.Store.MarkExecuteDispatched(cmd.DispatcherID, cmd.EventID); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("originated call %q has no durable acknowledgment: %w", cmd.EventID, err)
diff --git a/internal/dispatcher/execute_test.go b/internal/dispatcher/execute_test.go
index 034e35c..52f1dfa 100644
--- a/internal/dispatcher/execute_test.go
+++ b/internal/dispatcher/execute_test.go
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ import (
 	"git.ipao.vip/rogee/go-sip/internal/configread"
 	"git.ipao.vip/rogee/go-sip/internal/contract"
 	"git.ipao.vip/rogee/go-sip/internal/store"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 )
 
 type fakeOriginator struct {
@@ -136,6 +138,26 @@ func TestExecuteWaitsForRulesThenDispatchesOriginalIdentity(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestAgentExplicitRefusalBeforeDialReleasesReservationAndKeepsUnknownBlocked(t *testing.T) {
+	controller, originator, _, s := newExecuteFixture(t)
+	originator.err = status.Error(codes.FailedPrecondition, "Agent refused before issue")
+	body := executeBody(t, "agent-refused-1", "15003164745")
+	if err := controller.ProcessExecute(context.Background(), body); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("Agent refusal hidden")
+	}
+	outbox, err := s.ListPendingOutbox(controller.DispatcherID)
+	if err != nil || len(outbox) != 1 || !strings.Contains(string(outbox[0].Body), `"status":"rejected"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("definite refusal lacks durable rejection receipt: %+v %v", outbox, err)
+	}
+	if err := controller.ProcessExecute(context.Background(), body); err != nil || len(originator.calls) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("refused command retried: %d %v", len(originator.calls), err)
+	}
+	originator.err = nil
+	if err := controller.ProcessExecute(context.Background(), executeBody(t, "after-refusal-1", "15003164745")); err != nil || len(originator.calls) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("definite pre-dial failure held capacity: %d %v", len(originator.calls), err)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestExecuteTimeoutAndMQFailureDoNotRedial(t *testing.T) {
 	controller, originator, publisher, s := newExecuteFixture(t)
 	originator.err = context.DeadlineExceeded
diff --git a/internal/store/calls.go b/internal/store/calls.go
index 7cf3dc7..33de1ec 100644
--- a/internal/store/calls.go
+++ b/internal/store/calls.go
@@ -304,6 +304,15 @@ func (s *Store) RejectExecute(dispatcherID, eventID, reason string) error {
 	return s.closeExecuteWithAck(dispatcherID, eventID, "pending", "rejected", map[string]any{"status": "rejected", "reason_code": nil, "reason_message": reason})
 }
 
+// RejectUnissuedExecute is only for an explicit Agent refusal before it
+// accepted the call; transport/ARI-unknown failures must remain occupied.
+func (s *Store) RejectUnissuedExecute(dispatcherID, eventID, reason string) error {
+	if reason == "" {
+		return errors.New("pre-dial rejection reason is required")
+	}
+	return s.closeExecuteWithAck(dispatcherID, eventID, "dispatching", "rejected", map[string]any{"status": "rejected", "reason_code": nil, "reason_message": reason})
+}
+
 func (s *Store) MarkExecuteDispatched(dispatcherID, eventID string) error {
 	return s.closeExecuteWithAck(dispatcherID, eventID, "dispatching", "dispatched", map[string]any{"status": "dispatched"})
 }
diff --git a/internal/store/calls_test.go b/internal/store/calls_test.go
index 3760ba9..adaf31b 100644
--- a/internal/store/calls_test.go
+++ b/internal/store/calls_test.go
@@ -101,6 +101,35 @@ func TestExecuteRejectsOnlyOnceWithoutFinalResult(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestAgentExplicitPreDialRejectionReleasesReservedCapacity(t *testing.T) {
+	s := preparedCurrentCallStore(t)
+	at := time.Date(2026, 9, 21, 1, 30, 0, 0, time.UTC)
+	cmd := currentCall("call-agent-rejected")
+	if _, _, err := s.RecordExecute(cmd); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.ReserveExecute(cmd.DispatcherID, cmd.EventID, currentReservation(), at); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := s.RejectUnissuedExecute(cmd.DispatcherID, cmd.EventID, "Agent refused before outbound call"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	outbox, err := s.ListPendingOutbox(cmd.DispatcherID)
+	if err != nil || len(outbox) != 1 || !strings.Contains(string(outbox[0].Body), `"status":"rejected"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("pre-dial failure must produce one durable honest receipt: %+v %v", outbox, err)
+	}
+	if err := s.RejectUnissuedExecute(cmd.DispatcherID, cmd.EventID, "Agent refused before outbound call"); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("duplicate rejection cannot create a second receipt")
+	}
+	if _, created, err := s.RecordExecute(cmd); err != nil || created {
+		t.Fatalf("rejected call was reaccepted: %v %v", created, err)
+	}
+	occupied, err := s.TrunkOccupancy(cmd.DispatcherID)
+	if err != nil || occupied["trunk-mock"] != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("definite pre-dial failure still occupies capacity: %+v %v", occupied, err)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestExecuteQuotaCountsUnknownAndReleasesOnlyConfirmedEnd(t *testing.T) {
 	s := preparedCurrentCallStore(t)
 	at := time.Date(2026, 9, 21, 1, 30, 0, 0, time.UTC)